印刷机水墨路规范及操作

Specification and operation of ink and wash road for printing press

水、墨路的规范化操作和印品质量是密切相关的，如果调节不好，将直接影响到印品质量的高低，因此它的规范化操作具有十分重要的意义。

The standardized operation of water and ink road is closely related to the quality of the printing products. If the adjustment is not good, it will directly affect the quality of the printing products, so its standardized operation is of great significance.

1.墨斗和墨斗辊的规范化操作。

1. standardized operation of the ink and ink roll.

（1）墨斗刀板的规范化操作墨斗刀板精度的高低将直接影响到供墨量的调节，因此要保证墨斗辊表面不受损伤，同时应保持其表面清洁。不印活时应将墨斗打开，印活时无图文部位不要将间隙堵死，应能保证在墨斗辊上形成一层薄薄的墨膜。

(1) the accuracy of the standardized operation of the cutters of the cutters of the cutters will directly affect the adjustment of the amount of ink supply. Therefore, the surface of the cutters should not be damaged, and the surface cleaning should be maintained at the same time. Ink should be opened without printing. When printing, there should be no picture and text area to block the gap. It should ensure that a thin layer of ink film is formed on the ink roller.

（2）上墨或下墨时的规范化操作上墨时首先应检查墨的质量，如果墨斗里有墨皮之类的杂质应及时去除掉。印数少，尽量用小墨盒，这样浪费较少。印数大时可用大墨桶，大墨桶的墨比较多，一次用不完应将剩下的墨用墨刀压平，然后用纸罩住，这样可阻止油墨与空气接触。在墨桶上面料上水也可以，但水和墨长时间接触会造成油墨乳化。从墨斗里取下的墨一般不宜放回原墨桶，最好放到新叠的墨盒里，完后也应将其用纸罩住。上墨时将最上面的纸取下，用墨刀刮干净，墨桶底上的墨也应想办法刮出来，尤其是对红墨要求更严。对带有墨皮的残墨不应随意扔掉，应用压墨机压一次，供印粗糙产品用。墨刀伸到墨桶里取墨时，应将墨刀反复转几次，这样可保证墨刀上的墨不易在途中掉下来。当然为了防止墨在中途中摔下来，应使墨桶高墨斗最近，不过要注意安全。

(2) when inking or inking, the quality of ink should be checked first. If impurities in ink, such as ink, should be removed in time. Print less, try to use small cartridges, so less waste. When the number is large, the ink can be used in large ink buckets. The ink of the big ink barrel is much more, and the ink knife should be pressed flat at the end of the first use, and then the paper is covered with paper so that the ink can be prevented from contact with the air. Water can be added to the ink barrel, but the long time contact between water and ink will cause ink emulsification. The ink removed from the ink cartridge should not be put back to the original barrel, so it is best to put it in a newly stacked ink cartridge. After finishing, it should be covered with paper. When inking, remove the top of the paper and scrape it with ink knife. Ink on the bottom of the ink drum should also be scraped out, especially for red ink. The residual ink with ink should not be thrown away at will, pressed by a press machine for printing rough products. When the ink knife is extended to the ink barrel, the ink knife should be repeated several times, so as to ensure that ink on the ink knife is not easy to fall on the way. Of course, in order to prevent the ink from falling in the middle, we should make the ink bucket high ink bucket recently, but pay attention to safety.

墨斗里面的墨量应根据印数多少而定，但应略有节余（主要是过轮纸用的墨和墨辊上残留的墨）。如果用墨量很大，则每次装的墨量不宜超过墨斗容量的三分之二。墨斗里面的墨大多时，容易造成墨量控制困难。印刷时应经常搅墨，否则时间长了，油墨会硬化。不过搅墨时要求墨刀两角是圆的。如果是尖的应磨圆了再用。印活时应经常观察墨斗里面的墨量，尤其是墨量较少时更应该这样做，以防局部出现墨量不足（实际上也是匀墨的作用）。不搅墨时，墨刀应放在机器上面指定的位置处。

The amount of ink in the ink should be determined according to the number of printing, but there should be a little savings (mainly the ink used on the wheel paper and the ink left on the ink roller). If the amount of ink is large, then the amount of ink should not exceed 2/3 of the ink capacity per time. Most ink in ink fountain is difficult to control ink volume. Ink should be frequently used in printing, otherwise the ink will harden after a long time. But when the ink is stirred, the two corners of the ink knife are round. If it is pointed, it should be worn round and reused. In printing, the amount of ink in the ink should be observed, especially when the amount of ink is less, in order to prevent the lack of ink volume (in fact it is also the function of the ink). When inking is not done, the ink knife should be placed at the specified position on the machine.

印完活后，应将墨斗刀片和墨斗辊上的墨清洗干净，以防油墨结皮，尤其是要防止残墨和空气中的粉尘粘合到一起，造成墨斗刀片和墨斗辊蘑损。墨斗刀片如果磨损严重，可松开其上面的紧固螺钉，将刀片向前移动；墨斗辊如果磨损严重，则需更换。

After printing, the ink on the cutters and the ink rolls should be cleaned to prevent the inks from being skinned, especially to prevent the adhesion of the dust in the residual ink and the air, resulting in the loss of the cutters and the cutters of the ink. If the ink blade is seriously worn, it can release the fastening screws above and move the blade forward. If the ink roller is seriously worn, it needs to be replaced.

（3）供墨量调节的规范化操作供墨量调节的基本准则是：墨斗刀片和墨斗辊之间的间隙尽可能小，墨斗辊的转角尽可能大。但对具体情况应具体分析。

(3) the basic criterion for regulating the amount of ink supply for the regulation of the amount of ink supply is that the gap between the cutters and the ink rolls is as small as possible, and the corner of the ink roll is as large as possible. However, specific analysis should be made on the specific situation.

对于粘度大的油墨，间隙的控制可放松要求，但最好是使其能小则小，墨斗辊的转角尽量大；对于粘度小的油墨，转角的控制可放松要求，但也应使其尽量大，间隙尽量小。

For the ink with large viscosity, the control of the clearance can be relaxed, but it is better to make it small and small, the corner of the ink roll is as large as possible; for the ink with small viscosity, the control of the corner can be relaxed, but it should be as large as possible and the gap is as small as possible.

印铜版纸时，间隙可小一点，转角大一点；印胶版纸或套色时，间隙要适当大一点，转角尽可能大。使用压墨机压出的墨，供墨的调节方法同胶版纸的一样。严重缺墨时，可快速压墨斗；墨量多时，可用刮墨器往下刮或把铜版纸放到墨路里往外取墨。

When printing the coated paper, the gap can be smaller and the angle is larger. When printing offset paper or color, the gap should be larger and the corners should be as large as possible. The ink used to press the ink is the same as offset paper. When the ink is seriously deficient, the ink can be quickly pressed. When the ink is high, the scraper can be scraped down or the coated paper will be put into the ink to pick up the ink.

2.传墨辊的规范化操作。

The standardized operation of the 2. ink roller.

传墨辊与墨斗辊和串墨辊的接触应保持均匀、一致，所以应定期对其接触状况进行检查，可用压墨线或塞尺来检测压力的大小。洗墨路时，令传墨辊摆动，则可将墨斗辊上的残墨一同导人墨路，这时应使墨斗辊的转角最大。墨量大时，可使传墨辊停止樱动，待墨量减少后再使其恢复传墨。

The contact of the ink roller and the ink roll and the ink roller should be kept uniform and consistent, so the contact condition should be checked regularly, and the pressure can be detected by the press line or the tape measure. When the ink roller is washed, the ink rollers will be swinging, and the residual ink on the ink roller can guide the ink path, so that the angle of the ink roller should be the largest. When the ink volume is large, the ink roller can stop the cherry movement, and then the ink will be resumed after the ink quantity is reduced.

3.串墨辊的规范化操作。

Standardized operation of 3. series of ink rolls.

串墨辊的串动量的大小应根据油墨粘度和印品质量的要求而定，一般的网目活都将其串动量置为最大。从原理上分析，暗调的串动量应大一点，高光的串动量可小一点。所以印实地活时，其串动量应最大。如果用同一色组同时印几种颜色，则应使串动量为零。

The string momentum of the ink roller should be determined according to the viscosity of the ink and the quality of the printed products. In principle, the series of momentum should be larger and the momentum of high light can be smaller. Therefore, when the field is printed on the spot, the momentum of the string should be maximum. If you use the same color group to print several colors at the same time, you should make the string momentum zero.

串墨辊的位置不同时，串墨量的大小也不一样。因此应使其串动量最大的地方对应着印品上暗调，串动量较小或为零的地方对应着滚筒的后拖梢或缺口的地方，串墨量的准确位置应根据具体情况而定。

When the position of the ink roller is different, the size of the ink is different. Therefore, the place where the momentum is maximum should correspond to the dark tune on the print. Where the string momentum is small or the place of zero is corresponding to the trailing tip or the notch of the roller, the exact position of the amount of ink series should be determined according to the specific circumstances.

串墨辊表面应具有良好的亲油、斥水性，因此应防止酸碱等溶液落到其上面，造成表面腐蚀。

The surface of the ink roller should have good lipophilicity and water repellency. Therefore, the solution such as acid and alkali should be prevented from causing surface corrosion.

4.匀墨辊的规范化操作。

4. standardized operation of the ink roller.

匀墨辊的作用是打匀油墨，同时还具有缓冲吸振的作用，因此应定期检查墨辊表面的弹性，如果弹性失效则应更换，注意不要用不易挥发的物质清洗墨路，否则会造成胶辊表面老化。

The function of the ink roller is to beat the ink, and also to buffer the vibration. Therefore, the elasticity of the surface of the roller should be checked regularly. If the elasticity is invalid, it should be replaced, and should not use the volatile substance to clean the ink road. Otherwise, the surface of the rubber roll will be aged.

匀墨辊的转动是靠摩擦带动的，因此一定要使其与串墨辊之间可靠接触。匀墨辊的位置是由墙板上的墨辊架确定的，如果位置不

The rotation of the ink roller is driven by friction, so it is necessary to contact it with the ink roller. The position of the ink roller is determined by the ink roller stand on the wall panel.